Leyes no reducen la sobreutilización de costosas terapias del cáncer prostático












NUEVA YORK, 26 nov (Reuters Health) – Dos estudios coinciden


en que las leyes para prevenir el uso excesivo de servicios de












salud no impiden que los médicos sigan indicando terapias


costosas para el cáncer de próstata.


Los autores hallaron que los médicos utilizaban cirugías


robóticas y radioterapias especiales para tratar la enfermedad,


sin importar si en la región existían leyes que exigen una


autorización oficial previa para el uso de instalaciones y


nuevos equipos médicos.


“Las leyes de certificación de necesidad se diseñaron para


alinear la demanda pública con el uso de distintos servicios”,


dijo el doctor Bruce Jacobs, autor principal de uno de los


estudios, de University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.


El gobierno de Estados Unidos impulsó que los estados


implementaran las leyes en los 70 y los 80, pero dejó de hacerlo


un par de décadas después. Aun así, algunos estados siguen


utilizándolas para controlar los costos.


En cada estudio, los autores analizaron tratamientos del cáncer


de próstata, que es el más común en los varones estadounidenses.


La Sociedad Estadounidense del Cáncer estima que a uno de cada


seis hombres se le diagnosticará cáncer prostático, pero que la


mayoría no morirá por esa causa. Estudios previos habían


mostrado que este cáncer es de lento crecimiento y que la


mayoría de los pacientes se puede controlar con espera vigilada.


El equipo de Jacobs revisó si en los estados con normas


estrictas (los que exigen aprobación hasta para el uso de


equipos de bajo costo) se utilizaban menos cirugías robóticas


para extirpar la próstata que en los estados con leyes no tan


estrictas o sin leyes.


En The Journal of Urology, los autores escriben que tanto el


costo de esos robots como si la cirugía robótica supera o no a


la cirugía tradicional para extirpar la próstata deberían ser


“la meta ideal” de revisión donde se aplican esas leyes.


En septiembre, por ejemplo, uno de los estudios que había


cuestionado la utilidad de la cirugía robótica demostró que los


hombres operados con la técnica robótica tuvieron pocas


complicaciones, pero puso en tela de juicio la conveniencia de


sus efectos en el largo plazo y su costo.


Pero otro estudio más reciente mostró que la cirugía robótica


reducía las complicaciones, las reinternaciones y las muertes


por causas quirúrgicas que los métodos tradicionales, según


informó Intuitive Surgical, el fabricante del sistema quirúrgico


da Vinci.


“Eso es importante para el paciente y para reducir el gasto del


sistema de salud”, indicó por e-mail Angela Wonson, vocera de


Intuitive Surgical.


En el nuevo estudio, los autores hallaron un aumento del uso


de la cirugía robótica para extirparle la próstata a un grupo de


beneficiarios de Medicare, independientemente de si el estado


contaba con leyes estrictas, más blandas o ninguna ley. Además,


la posibilidad de que un cirujano utilizara robots no tenía


relación alguna con la vigencia de las normas.


Un segundo estudio, a cargo del doctor Ganesh Palapattu, jefe


de oncología urológica de University of Michigan, analizó si las


leyes limitaban el uso de la radioterapia de intensidad modulada


o IMRT, por su sigla en inglés, o si controlaba el aumento de


los costos de atención del cáncer prostático (la IMRT permite


que los médicos orienten la radiación al tumor sin dañar el


tejido sano que lo rodea).


El equipo escribe que la IMRT es costosa y que, hasta ahora, no


habría sido comparada con otros tratamientos del cáncer de


próstata en un estudio aleatorizado, que es el diseño de


preferencia en la investigación clínica.


Al comparar el costo de tratar a una persona con cáncer


prostático en los estados con leyes y los estados sin leyes, el


equipo observó que las leyes no parecían influir en el control


de los costos de los tratamientos.


Palapattu opinó que es tiempo de reevaluar las leyes.


FUENTE: The Journal of Urology, online 19 de noviembre del


2012.


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Timing of Egypt’s Turmoil Couldn’t Be Worse for Its Economy













Political turmoil in Egypt entered its fourth day Monday, after President Mohammed Morsi’s surprise power-grabbing decree galvanized the opposition and set off rounds of street violence, at a time when the nation needs unity to make difficult economic decisions.


Egypt’s economy was already in trouble, with foreign reserves having fallen 40 percent since the uprising and growth projected to be less than 2 percent this year. Tourism and direct foreign investment have dropped, while unemployment has climbed. Economists say the government needs to tighten spending and devalue the currency—unpopular moves even without angry demonstrators already in the streets.












“Morsi needs political support to institute unpopular economic policies, such as cutting subsidies on fuel or potentially allowing the pound to depreciate against the dollar or the euro,” says Elijah Zarwan, a Cairo-based senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations. “The more polarized the situation gets, the more each side escalates, the harder to imagine the kind of consensus-driven compromise that stands the best chance of enduring and producing the political stability that Egypt needs to get its economy back on track.”


Late Thursday night Morsi issued the constitutional declaration stating the president can issue “any decision or measure to protect the revolution,” which is final and immune to appeal in the courts. His declaration also barred the judiciary from dissolving the upper house of parliament or the body tasked with writing the new constitution, both of which are dominated by Islamists. The powers would be in place until new parliamentary elections are held and the constitution is ratified, which are expected only in the spring.


The response was immediate: The fractured opposition united and violent protests—often against the headquarters of Morsi’s political party—erupted across the country. On Sunday the first casualty of the violence was identified in the press as 15-year-old Islam Hamdi Abdel-Maqsood, killed as protesters tried to storm the party offices in the Nile Delta city of Damanhoor.


Both sides announced rallies, scheduled for Tuesday, for and against the decree, ratcheting up pressure on the government and setting the country on another collision course.


The effect of the turmoil on the economy was immediate. In the first day of trading since the decree, Egypt’s benchmark EGX30 stock index dropped 9.59 percentage points on Sunday. The losses were among the biggest since President Hosni Mubarak’s ouster in an 18-day uprising in January 2011.


The crisis could not have come at a worse time, with economists prescribing strong medicine to attack the country’s rising deficits and economic woes.


“We think that Egypt needs a fiscal tightening of 3 percent of GDP to put public finances on a stable footing,” says Neil Shearing, chief emerging markets economist at Capital Economics in London. “Delivering this is going to be extremely difficult against a backdrop of continued civil unrest. The currency remains a difficult issue, too. The pound looks extremely overvalued at present and probably needs to fall by 20 percent or so in order to restore lost competitiveness. But this implies a loss of purchasing power and will be unpopular. Given all the other challenges, devaluation could well be kicked further down the road and dealt with at a later stage.”


One piece of good news was the government’s announcement last week of a preliminary agreement with the IMF for a $ 4.8 billion loan, but this too comes hand-in-hand with steep reforms. As part of the agreement, Egypt should overhaul its energy subsidies, resulting in steep increases in the price of cooking gas and petrol, which would be a deeply unpopular move that again risks bringing people back out into the streets. There is already opposition to the IMF deal, which has been hotly debated since Mubarak’s ouster, and analysts worry that continued political turbulence would either stall the loan or reduce Morsi’s willingness to institute the kind of reform the Egyptian economy needs.


“It feels at the moment like it’s two steps forward and one step back,” says Shearing. “The IMF deal was a major positive development—the sums of money involved won’t cover Egypt’s entire external finance needs over the next couple of years, which is close to $ 20 billion, but it will go a long way toward reversing the immediate threat of the balance of payment crisis, which is very real. If nothing else, the events of the past week illustrate that progress over the next year will be extremely bumpy. Clearly, local politics still matter enormously.”


With three senior advisers already resigning over the decree, Morsi appears to be trying to defuse the situation, and he sought a meeting with senior judges on Monday. A statement on Sunday night from the president’s office said Morsi was committed to “engage all political forces in the inclusive democratic dialogue to reach a common ground.” Protesters, meanwhile, look to be in it for the long haul and have set up an encampment in Tahrir Square, the heart of the uprising that toppled Egypt’s last dictator.


“I think we’ve started to see the first steps toward a compromise that will restore stability in the short term, but that even at the end of that, I think the experience has hurt Morsi in terms of the support of a large segment of the population that was willing to reserve judgment and even among many people who voted for him because they didn’t want to elect a dictator, and it’s going to be difficult for him to recover that support,” Zarwan says.


Finding allies for unpopular economic reform will now be even more daunting, says Zarwan. “Unless he can pull some pretty fat rabbits out of his sleeve fairly quickly, he’s not going to find that kind of broad-based support.”



Topol is a Bloomberg Businessweek contributor.


Businessweek.com — Top News


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Egypt’s Mursi faces judicial revolt over decree












CAIRO (Reuters) – Egyptian President Mohamed Mursi faced a rebellion from judges who accused him on Saturday of expanding his powers at their expense, deepening a crisis that has triggered violence in the street and exposed the country’s deep divisions.


The Judges’ Club, a body representing judges across Egypt, called for a strike during a meeting interrupted with chants demanding the “downfall of the regime” – the rallying cry in the uprising that toppled Hosni Mubarak last year.












Mursi’s political opponents and supporters, representing the divide between newly empowered Islamists and their critics, called for rival demonstrations on Tuesday over a decree that has triggered concern in the West.


Issued late on Thursday, it marks an effort by Mursi to consolidate his influence after he successfully sidelined Mubarak-era generals in August. The decree defends from judicial review decisions taken by Mursi until a new parliament is elected in a vote expected early next year.


It also shields the Islamist-dominated assembly writing Egypt’s new constitution from a raft of legal challenges that have threatened the body with dissolution, and offers the same protection to the Islamist-controlled upper house of parliament.


Egypt’s highest judicial authority, the Supreme Judicial Council, said the decree was an “unprecedented attack” on the independence of the judiciary. The Judges’ Club, meeting in Cairo, called on Mursi to rescind it.


That demand was echoed by prominent opposition leader Mohamed ElBaradei. “There is no room for dialogue when a dictator imposes the most oppressive, abhorrent measures and then says ‘let us split the difference’,” he said.


“I am waiting to see, I hope soon, a very strong statement of condemnation by the U.S., by Europe and by everybody who really cares about human dignity,” he said in an interview with Reuters and the Associated Press.


More than 300 people were injured on Friday as protests against the decree turned violent. There were attacks on at least three offices belonging to the Muslim Brotherhood, the movement that propelled Mursi to power.


POLARISATION


Liberal, leftist and socialist parties called a big protest for Tuesday to force Mursi to row back on a move they say has exposed the autocratic impulses of a man once jailed by Mubarak.


In a sign of the polarization in the country, the Muslim Brotherhood called its own protests that day to support the president’s decree.


Mursi also assigned himself new authority to sack the prosecutor general, who was appointed during the Mubarak era, and appoint a new one. The dismissed prosecutor general, Abdel Maguid Mahmoud, was given a hero’s welcome at the Judges’ Club.


In open defiance of Mursi, Ahmed al-Zind, head of the club, introduced Mahmoud by his old title.


The Mursi administration has defended the decree on the grounds that it aims to speed up a protracted transition from Mubarak’s rule to a new system of democratic government.


Analysts say it reflects the Brotherhood’s suspicion towards sections of a judiciary unreformed from Mubarak’s days.


“It aims to sideline Mursi’s enemies in the judiciary and ultimately to impose and head off any legal challenges to the constitution,” said Elijah Zarwan, a fellow with The European Council on Foreign Relations.


“We are in a situation now where both sides are escalating and its getting harder and harder to see how either side can gracefully climb down.”


ADVISOR TO MURSI QUITS


Following a day of violence in Cairo, Alexandria, Port Said and Suez, the smell of tear gas hung over the capital’s Tahrir Square, the epicentre of the uprising that toppled Mubarak in 2011 and the stage for more protests on Friday.


Youths clashed sporadically with police near the square, where activists camped out for a second day on Saturday, setting up makeshift barricades to keep out traffic.


Al-Masry Al-Youm, one of Egypt’s most widely read dailies, hailed Friday’s protest as “The November 23 Intifada”, invoking the Arabic word for uprising.


But the ultra-orthodox Salafi Islamist groups that have been pushing for tighter application of Islamic law in the new constitution have rallied behind Mursi’s decree.


The Nour Party, one such group, stated its support for the Mursi decree. Al-Gama’a al-Islamiya, which carried arms against the state in the 1990s, said it would save the revolution from what it described as remnants of the Mubarak regime.


Samir Morkos, a Christian assistant to Mursi, had told the president he wanted to resign, said Yasser Ali, Mursi’s spokesman. Speaking to the London-based Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper, Morkos said: “I refuse to continue in the shadow of republican decisions that obstruct the democratic transition”.


Mursi’s decree has been criticized by Western states that earlier this week were full of praise for his role in mediating an end to the eight-day war between Israel and Palestinians.


“The decisions and declarations announced on November 22 raise concerns for many Egyptians and for the international community,” State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said.


The European Union urged Mursi to respect the democratic process.


(Additional reporting by Omar Fahmy, Marwa Awad, Edmund Blair and Shaimaa Fayed and Reuters TV; Editing by Jon Hemming)


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Psy’s “Gangnam Style” video becomes YouTube’s most viewed












LOS ANGELES (Reuters) – South Korean rap star Psy‘s music videoGangnam Style” on Saturday became the most watched item ever posted to YouTube with more than 800 million views, edging past Canadian teen star Justin Bieber‘s 2-year-old video for his song “Baby.”


The milestone was the latest pop culture victory for Psy, 34, a portly rap singer known for his slicked-back hair and comic dance style who has become one of the most unlikely global stars of 2012.












Psy succeeded with a video that generated countless parodies and became a media sensation. He gained more fame outside his native country than the more polished singers in South Korea‘s so-called K-Pop style who have sought to win international audiences.


YouTube, in a post on its Trends blog, said “Gangnam Style” on Saturday surpassed the site’s previous record holder, Bieber’s 2010 music video “Baby,” and by mid-day “Gangnam Style” had reached 805 million views, compared to 803 million for “Baby.” Within a few hours, “Gangnam Style” had gone up to more than 809 million views.


“Gangnam Style” was first posted to YouTube in July, and by the following month it began to show huge popularity on YouTube with audiences outside of South Korea.


“It’s been a massive hit at a global level unlike anything we’ve ever seen before,” said the YouTube blog.


The blog also said the “velocity” of the video’s popularity has been unprecedented for YouTube.


In his “Gangnam Style” video the outlandishly dressed, sunglass-wearing Psy raps in Korean and dances in the style of an upper-crust person riding an invisible horse.


The song is named after the affluent Gangnam District of Seoul and it mocks the rampant consumerism of that suburb. Psy, whose real name is Park Jai-sang, is no stranger to wealth as his father is chairman of a South Korean semiconductor company.


His parents sent him to business school in the United States but he confesses that he bought musical instruments with his tuition money. He later graduated from Berklee College of Music in Boston and won fame in South Korea with his 2001 debut album.


The viral success of “Gangnam Style” on YouTube also has translated into strong record sales. In late September, the song jumped to the top of the British pop charts and it also has sold well in other countries.


Popular parodies of the “Gangnam Style” video included one featuring the University of Oregon’s duck mascot, and another done in the “Star Trek” language Klingon.


The official YouTube view count for Gangnam Style represents only the figure for the original video posted to the site, but copycat versions, parodies and videos by people commenting on the song have been posted to the site and elsewhere on the Web.


Counting all those different versions, “Gangnam Style” and its related videos have more than 2.2 billion views across the Internet, said Matt Fiorentino, spokesman for the online video tracking firm Visible Measures.


“Without the dance, I don’t think it would have been as big as it is,” Fiorentino said. “And the other thing is, Psy has a unique sense of humor which comes through in the video. He doesn’t take himself too seriously.”


(Editing by Barbara Goldberg and Bill Trott)


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German research points way to faster flu vaccines












LONDON (Reuters) – An experimental vaccine based on a molecule related to DNA protects animals against influenza and may one day offer an ultra-rapid way to develop new shots for humans, German scientists reported on Sunday.


Assuming it also works in people, the new approach could allow commercial flu vaccines to be designed and manufactured in weeks rather than months.












Making vaccines quickly is critical in fighting flu, particularly during a pandemic when health authorities and drugmakers are in a race to keep up with mutating strains of virus.


Flu vaccines have traditionally been produced in chicken eggs, a tricky and lengthy process. More recently some firms have started using animal cell cultures, with Novartis on November 20 winning the first U.S. approval for such a product.


Both approaches, however, still involve virus cultivation, which can result in variable yields and production delays.


The new vaccine developed by Lothar Stitz of Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut and colleagues uses a quicker approach. It is made solely of messenger RNA (mRNA) – a single-stranded molecule that carries information telling cells which proteins to make.


“The only thing we need is the sequence of the relevant genes,” Stitz said. “It’s a new option and it doesn’t take long to do.”


His team vaccinated mice, ferrets and pigs with an mRNA vaccine and found that the immune response was similar or better than that found with conventional vaccines. What is more, the new vaccines showed high efficacy in very young and very old animals, which can be a problem with current flu shots.


Reporting their results in the journal Nature Biotechnology, the scientists calculated that a completed vaccine could be produced within six to eight weeks of the genetic code of a flu virus strain being published.


In contrast growing vaccines in fertilised chicken eggs can take up to six months, while using cell cultures may reduce that by up to eight to 10 weeks.


Another potential advantage of mRNA vaccines is the fact that they do not need to be refrigerated.


A human vaccine based on the research is still years away, since extensive clinical trials will be needed to test safety and efficacy, and the job of taking the work forward now rests with CureVac, a privately owned biotech company.


CureVac, backed by billionaire German investor and business software firm SAP’s co-founder Dietmar Hopp, is already developing a therapeutic mRNA vaccine for prostate cancer in human trials.


The firm also has a vaccine for lung cancer in development and is working on prophylactic vaccines against several unnamed infectious diseases in a collaboration with Sanofi.


Sanofi is a major supplier of flu vaccines, along with Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline.


(Editing by Greg Mahlich)


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Hostess CEO: Why I’m Shutting Down Twinkies












I made the decision to liquidate Hostess last night (Nov. 15). A number of factors have contributed to this. Hostess is 93 percent unionized, and it’s been formed by a number of acquisitions over the decades; a lot of old rules were just grandfathered into contracts from companies that no longer exist. There were all these crazy work rules, like one driver can only drive cake and the other can only drive bread. Hostess went through bankruptcy in 2004 and not enough work was done in that filing to deal with these issues.


I hear that the push toward healthier food is what did us in, but that hasn’t affected us at all. Why do you have chocolate companies? How do you explain doughnut shops when doughnuts haven’t changed in 100 years? We were north of $ 2 billion a year in sales. They weren’t the problem, our cost structure was.












I came on board at Hostess in February, and I was stunned by how little had been accomplished. We managed to make a deal with the Teamsters but the bakers didn’t support what they’d agreed to. I told them that if there’s going to be a strike over the negotiations, we won’t be able to withstand it and we have to liquidate. But I don’t think they believed us. We had 36 Hostess plants when the strike started two weeks ago, but we immediately closed three, so we only had 33 left. Bakers were crossing the picket line in some numbers but not enough to keep things going. Last night I got the update: 11 plants still weren’t operating. After that I communicated with my board and made the decision. That was a difficult call to make. I had people on that call who’d been working 20 hours a day at these plants, trying to make enough product to keep them on the shelves.


I look at this as a failure. I’ve spent a lot of time wondering why we didn’t make more progress. I’m a turnaround guy, I’m a pretty optimistic guy. I don’t think this was the inevitable end. We had a shot at surviving, but we couldn’t overcome the strike. We have potential buyers for our brands and we’ll contact them, but I haven’t even thought about that yet. We sent everyone home from the plants. That’s 18,500 people out of work. — As told to Claire Suddath


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Cricket-Australia v South Africa – second test scoreboard












ADELAIDE, Nov 24 (Reuters) – Scoreboard at the close of the


third day of the second test between Australia and South Africa












at Adelaide Oval on Saturday:


Australia won the toss and chose to bat


Australia first innings 550


South Africa first innings


G. Smith c Wade b Siddle 122


A. Petersen run out 54


H. Amla st Wade b Warner 11


J. Rudolph c Quiney b Lyon 29


AB de Villiers lbw b Siddle 1


F. du Plessis c Clarke b Hilfenhaus 78


D. Steyn c Ponting b Hilfenhaus 1


R. Kleinveldt b Hilfenhaus 0


J. Kallis c Wade b Clarke 58


M. Morkel b Lyon 6


I. Tahir not out 10


Extras (b-7, lb-2, w-3, nb-6) 18


Total: (all out, 124.3 overs) 388


Fall of wickets: 1-138 2-169 3-233 4-233 5-240 6-246 7-250


8-343 9-352 10-388


Bowling: B. Hilfenhaus 19.3-6-49-3, J. Pattinson 9.1-0-41-0


(nb-4, w-1) N. Lyon 44-7-91-2, P. Siddle 30.5-6-130-2 (nb-2), M.


Clarke 7-1-22-1, M. Hussey 1-0-7-0 (w-2), D. Warner 5-0-27-1, R.


Quiney 8-3-12-0


Australia second innings


D. Warner c Du Plessis b Kleinveldt 41


E. Cowan b Kleinveldt 29


R. Quiney c De Villiers b Kleinveldt 0


R. Ponting b Steyn 16


M. Clarke not out 9


P. Siddle c De Villiers b Morkel 1


M. Hussey 5


Extras (lb-7, nb-3) 10


Total (for five wickets, 32 overs) 111


Fall of wickets: 1-77 2-77 3-91 4-98 5-103


Still to bat: M. Wade, B. Hilfenhaus, J. Pattinson, N. Lyon.


Bowling: Steyn 10-4-28-1, Morkel 9-2-24-1, Kleinveldt


6-1-14-3 (nb-2), Tahir 7-1-38-0 (nb-1)


- -


Third test: WACA, Perth Nov. 30-Dec. 4


(Compiled by Ian Ransom; Editing by Alastair Himmer)


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Ang Lee talks about risks, spirituality of “Life of Pi”












NEW YORK (Reuters) – Gay cowboy drama “Brokeback Mountain” may have been considered a risky film to make, but director Ang Lee said his new movie, “Life of Pi,” a 3D exploration of faith about a boy stranded on a boat with a Bengal tiger, is his riskiest yet.


The film, which was released in U.S. theaters this week, is adapted from Yann Martel‘s best-selling novel of the same name and was once considered impossible to make.












Oscar-winning Taiwanese director Lee, 58, took on the laborious task of using computer-generated imagery to bring the sensational plot to the big screen, taking a year and a half just to edit the film together.


The director talked to Reuters about the film’s themes, technical barriers and casting an unknown actor in the lead.


Q. Why was “Life of Pi” considered unfilmable?


A. “Because you cannot make the tiger do everything you want to do, you have to use digital. A digital animal, up until two years ago, was not totally realistic yet, let alone in 3D, and then water is pretty difficult.”


Q. Was this your most difficult filming experience yet?


A. “Oh yes. And it was also the longest…there was the technical difficulty and then it is a big movie. And it was across continents, I finally decided to shoot most of it in Taiwan, but we also had to go to India to shoot for two to three weeks. Because you can’t fake Pondicherry, and Munnar. And then we have scenes in Canada.”


Q. But Brokeback Mountain was a risky film too?


A. “No, that wasn’t for me. At least when I made it, I thought it was strictly arthouse and few people would see it. And it’s a lot cheaper (to make). So I didn’t care…And then I got nervous, ‘Oh they are going to lynch me, making a gay cowboy movie, that will go into a shopping mall.’”


Q. It was only after you made it you realized that?


A. “Yes, I was afraid. I was looking around when I walked, when I would go home, to see if anybody was following me. Once it hit the shopping mall I was nervous, actually. My brother is a distributor in Taiwan and I told him not to buy it. He hates me to this day, he is still babbling about it.”


Q. Why choose unknown Suraj Sharma to play Pi?


A. “I wanted someone authentic, and no bad habits, that means you have to train them from the start. “


Q. Why did you replace Tobey Maguire and reshoot his scenes with the little-known Rafe Spall?


A. “It was a small part, and he is a big movie star. He is a good old friend of mine and he would do this for nothing, for me. But he is not doing anything (in the role), he is just sitting there listening most of the time. It becomes a little distracting I think.”


Q. How does the film explore spirituality?


A. “To me, faith can be elusive, but .. As a Taoist would say, ‘That’s the apple’s truth.’ The source of all the material comes from nothingness, illusion is working more on things you can prove. That’s the principle, the essence of life, it is actually an illusion, not immaterial. That’s worth pursuing. So illusion is not nothing. In a way, that is the truth.”


“Sometimes I feel (illusions) are more of life’s essence, I can trust them more than real life that is full of deceit and covering up.”


Q. Did exploring faith encourage you to make this?


“The book is fascinating, it talks about faith. But it didn’t make me believe in God or anything…I didn’t go to church or a temple after that. When I started making the movie, you do feel faith embody you and carry you through. But when I picked the subject, and chose to do the book, it was actually more storytelling in my mind. The value of storytelling. How people share a story. Because a story has structure, it has a beginning, middle and end. It seems to have meaning, where life has not.”


Q. Do you practice any religion?


A. “No, my mother is a baptized Christian, so she made me go to church every Sunday, and I prayed four times a day until I was 14. And at lunchtime kids at school would giggle at my praying…I stopped praying. And two weeks later, nothing happened to me, so I didn’t pick it up again.”


“I am not particularly religious. But I think we do face the question of where God is, why we are created and where does life go, why we exist. That sort of thing. And it is very hard to talk about it these days, because it cannot be proven. It is hard to discuss it rationally.”


Q. Do you consider yourself spiritual?


A. “I hate to think life is just facts and laws. And I am a filmmaker, I am a sensitive person, I like to think it is spiritual, so I like people to be more in that way. I think life without spirit is in the dark, it is absurd. Call it illusion or call it faith, whatever you call it, we have emotional attachment to the unknown. We yearn to find out. That is human nature. It can be, in a way, unrequited love, we don’t know. I don’t have a particular God I pray to, except sometimes a movie god.” (laughs)


(Reporting by Christine Kearney, editing by Piya Sinha-Roy and Andrew Hay)


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Four new cases of SARS-like virus found in Saudi, Qatar












LONDON (Reuters) – A new virus from the same family as SARS which sparked a global alert in September has now killed two people in Saudi Arabia, and total cases there and in Qatar have reached six, the World Health Organisation said.


The U.N. health agency issued an international alert in late September saying a virus previously unknown in humans had infected a Qatari man who had recently been in Saudi Arabia, where another man with the same virus had died.












On Friday it said in an outbreak update that it had registered four more cases and one of the new patients had died.


“The additional cases have been identified as part of the enhanced surveillance in Saudi Arabia (3 cases, including 1 death) and Qatar (1 case),” the WHO said.


The new virus is known as a coronavirus and shares some of the symptoms of SARS, or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, which emerged in China in 2002 and killed around a 10th of the 8,000 people it infected worldwide.


Among the symptoms in the confirmed cases are fever, coughing and breathing difficulties.


Of the six laboratory-confirmed cases reported to WHO, four cases, including the two deaths, are from Saudi Arabia and two cases are from Qatar.


Britain’s Health Protection Agency, which helped to identify the new virus in September, said the newly reported case from Qatar was initially treated in October in Qatar but then transferred to Germany, and has now been discharged.


Coronaviruses are typically spread like other respiratory infections, such as flu, travelling in airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.


The WHO said investigations were being conducted into the likely source of the infection, the method of exposure, and the possibility of human-to-human transmission of the virus.


“Close contacts of the recently confirmed cases are being identified and followed-up,” it said.


It added that so far, only the two most recently confirmed cases in Saudi Arabia were epidemiologically linked – they were from the same family, living in the same household.


“Preliminary investigations indicate that these two cases presented with similar symptoms of illness. One died and the other recovered,” the WHO’s statement said.


Two other members of the same family also suffered similar symptoms of illness, and one died and the other is recovering. But the WHO said laboratory test results on the fatality were still pending, and the person who is recovering had tested negative for the new coronavirus.


The virus has no formal name, but scientists at the British and Dutch laboratories where it was identified refer to it as “London1_novel CoV 2012″.


The WHO urged all its member states to continue surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections.


“Until more information is available, it is prudent to consider that the virus is likely more widely distributed than just the two countries which have identified cases,” it said.


(Editing by Alison Williams)


Health News Headlines – Yahoo! News


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Japanese Stocks? Yes, They Really Think So












Less than a quarter-century ago, Japan was the economic envy of the world. In 1989, Tokyo-listed shares represented nearly half the planet’s equity value, while the land beneath the city’s royal palace was worth more than all of California. American nightly news anchors practically misted up when they had to report that Rockefeller Center was turning Japanese.


Two lost decades and massive property- and stock-bubble explosions later, Japan is a one-word cautionary tale. Caught in economic and demographic atrophy—and stewarded by countless false-start prime ministers—the country has become a hub for zombie banks, a generation of disenchanted youth, and fading brands such as Sony (SNE), Sharp (6753:JP), and Panasonic (PC).












Last year, for the first time, sales of adult diapers in Japan exceeded those for babies. Factor in how the strong yen has been making the country’s critical exports more expensive, and you can see why the world’s No. 3 economy (recently pushed into third place by China) has been quicksand for investors; when international markets hit bottom in early 2009, Japan’s Nikkei slumped to levels it hadn’t seen since 1983. A Merrill Lynch survey of global fund managers discovered that their net exposure to Japan is at its lowest in a decade (subscription necessary).


Accordingly, in his Nov. 14 note, “The Sun Also Rises?”, James Hunt, portfolio manager of Tocqueville’s International Value Fund and a rare Japan bull, concedes: “One of the questions we are asked most often by investors is why we would invest in Japan. Normally, there is a slight tone of derision in the question, as if to say: ‘Everyone knows that Japan has poor demographics, a huge public debt and weak growth prospects.’ And of course, all of these things are true.”


Hunt says his case for Japan boils down to its deeply contrarian pull: “Everyone thinks Japan is sinking into obscurity,” he writes, “and this negative sentiment provides us with the opportunity to buy what we consider to be excellent global franchise businesses at attractive valuations.”


Noting that Japanese equities have lagged their U.S. counterparts by 25 percent over the last two years, Hunt writes, “The storm of negative factors affecting Japan combined with the poor market performance is just of the sort of situation that piques our interest.”


Over the last 12 years of economic stagnation, Japan’s Nikkei 225 Index has, in dollar terms, posted zero total return. Meanwhile, aggregate earnings for its profitable companies have gone from ¥438 billion ($ 5.3 billion) to ¥608 billion, while their return on equity has swelled from around 6 percent to nearly 10 percent. At the same time, notes Hunt, the price-to-earnings ratio for these profitable listings has collapsed from 24 to 15, while their dividend yield has tripled to 2.3 percent.


Of course, Japan—Nikkei, Discman, and all—could just be in the middle stages of terminal decline. Zero interest rates be damned: Jobs are scarce, deflation constantly threatens, and China and Korea are not getting any easier to compete with. Japan’s debt-to-gross domestic product ratio, now well over 200 percent, is tops in the world.


Not likely, says Hunt. “There will,” he writes, “be a moment when the broad process of [equity] de-rating has run its course. With valuation multiples having compressed to quite reasonable absolute levels, we may be approaching that moment.”


“Our discipline generally is to buy good business franchises at a discount to their intrinsic value,” he adds, “and we are not as focused as many investors on catalysts and timing for the realization of value. That being said, with expectations so low and the market having underperformed, we would not be surprised to see the sun also rise in Japan.”


Hunt isn’t alone in declaring contrarian ardor for Japan. David Herro, Morningstar’s (MORN) international stock fund manager of the decade, also thinks its risk-reward profile is increasingly attractive.


Indeed, the Nikkei has recently sprinted higher on broadening sentiment that the country’s policy makers will act forcefully to lower the yen—a development that would provide a huge boost to Japanese multinationals such as Toyota (TM), Canon (CAJ), and Fuji Heavy Industries (7270:JP). The “yen rout play” is what market bloggers are already calling the trade.


Shinzo Abe, widely viewed as frontrunner to become the next prime minister, has been calling for unlimited monetary easing to incite inflation. The current governor of the (independent) Bank of Japan, who has been criticized for not being loose enough with his monetary purse strings, is expected to step down in April.


“(Shinzo) Abe’s focus is on two things—aggressive monetary and fiscal stimulus,” wrote CLSA Japan strategist Nicholas Smith in a report. “He made clear that the Bank of Japan will bend to his will or he will rewrite the BOJ Law to let him fire them.” The replacement governor, he added, will be selected for his “willingness to print money.”


“It has been a fool’s game to guess when the yen would finally weaken,” writes Hunt, “but economic healing in the West and eventually inflation and rising interest rates here could certainly be a catalyst, as could money printing in Japan.”


It should be remembered, however, that the Bank of Japan has already shattered what is widely regarded as the ultimate monetary taboo: printing money to buy equities to boost the chronically moribund economy. To little apparent avail, so far.


Businessweek.com — Top News


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